Importance of Seasons in Kawabatas Snow Country Essay examples -- Kaw

Importance of Seasons in Kawabatas Snow Country In his novel Snow Country, Yasunari Kawabata depicts a affinity in the midst of twain mess in the mountainous region of Japan. Shimamura, a businessman from Tokyo, visits a colonization in the light speed country and develops a relationship with Komako, a geisha girl in that village. Their relationship is the central focus of the novel, as it changes each meter Shimamura leaves for Tokyo and returns. Kawabata uses the changing of the seasons to reflect these changes in relationship. Since the novel is set in the blow country, the seasons have specific characteristics, and these parallel the relationship between the two central characters. Spring is a magazine of unsanded bugger offnings in the snow country because of the new sprouts that begin to grow after the winter has cover the ground with snow and killed all the old plants. Shimamura first comes in the spring, and the relationship begins as a friendship becaus e of Shimamuras view of Komako as a new sprout and his feeling that it is his duty to protect her. Fall is a time of transition, both for nature and for the relationship. As the trees in the snow country begin to lose their leaves and change into another version of themselves, Shimamura and Komako do also, creating a find of romance that seems more and more distant as they grow apart. wintertime is a time of bitter cold in the snow country, and this is reflected in the coldness brought into Shimamura and Komakos relationship. They argue often during winter, and Shimamura becomes intrigued by Komakos rival Yoko, a wet nurse for the inn at which he stays, and the relationship becomes merely professional. The relationship between Shimamura and Komako undulates constantly with the pass... ...Shimamuras protection. The snow country becomes unbelievably cold in the winter, and shabbiness surrounds the land as all the plants are covered by snow and the land becomes a barre n wasteland. Shimamura and Komako feel this coldness in their relationship, as the distance between them produces feelings of bitterness. Darkness encompasses their relationship as Shimamuras new hooking to Yoko is halted by her death. The relationship between Shimamura and Komako is a tumultuous one, fluctuating from an familiar(p) friendship to merely a professional connection. These changes correlate with the changing of the seasons, and so Kawabata uses the shifts between seasons in the snow country of Japan as an metaphor for the central relationship of the novel. Works Cited Kawabata, Yasunari. Snow Country. Berkley Publishing Corporation bare-ass York, NY 1956.

Early egyptian art :: Essays Papers

Early egyptian contrivance Egyptian art has a very distinctive style and overall layout. The most important figures ar always the largest and often the most app bent, which are often represented by gods or kings. The artists of that era carefully followed fastidious trends and commonly practiced strategies in representing humans, gods, and animals that made the figures dis counterpoiseal.There is often a noticeable difference in the way humans and gods dress and the jewellery that is worn. In this particular gentleman, the humans appear to be humbled in the presence of the gods and they come bearing gifts of an isstrum and two blossoms of blue lotus. The poses of everyone in the piece is such that it is seen in almost every other Egyptian piece. The feet are facing forward while their bodies are turned so the beauty can see their chest. The faces of all the figures are in a visibility view, yet the eyes are on the side of the figures head as in a frontal portrait. If a p hotograph was to be taken of this scene, the people would be in a more relaxed, natural pose. In terms of how the figures are portrayed in the painting, nothing flows with anything else too well. It seems same(p) it was more important to tell the story and get the point crosswise through painting rather than writing what happened.The king is the most axiomatic character in this piece because everyone in the painting is focusing and flavour at him. He is also the tallest in the piece. Even while sit in a chair he is signifagently taller than everyone else. The fairy, Nakht, and Tjuiu are all relatively the same height as opposed the taller king. In reality it would be a difficult thing to do to coincidentally find a king as tall as this one and find his subjects and his queen to be shorter. The mountain in the background is not in proportion with what a mountain should be as it is not too often taller than the people in the piece. This mountain would tower over everyone in re ality, merely to tell the story and get the point across, certain sacrifices had to be made.

Immunization: Health Care Delivery

wellness is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO). Nowadays, this is whiz of the orbitwide issues that experts atomic number 18 trying to solve on how they good deal help to each one individual to attain this stage, which in the end they across of finding ship shagal on how an individual pull up stakes be able to achieve this goal. That is make immunisation. immunisations are used to cherish the human body against preventable diseases. immunisations are usually presumption in the form of a shot or vaccine.When one gets immunized, the body develops the ability to fight off a effrontery disease. Immunizations safeguard the body from illnesses and death caused by certain infectious diseases. both(prenominal) immunizations are given to prevent a single disease, while others will take bearing of two or three diseases. Immunizations help view as infectious diseases that were once common. They have reduced, and in umpteen cases, eliminated, diseases that turnly killed or harmed infants, pip-squeakren, and adults.However, the viruses and bacteria that cause vaccine-preventable disease and death still exist and can be passed on to people who are not immunized. Children need immunizations to protect them from dangerous childhood diseases. How can this be possible for everybody? That was answered by world Health Organization, when they initiated the Expanded Program on Immunization in may 1974 with the objective to vaccinate children throughout the world.Ten years later, in 1984, the WHO established a standardized vaccination schedule for the original EPI vaccines Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), diphtheria-lockjaw-pertussis (DPT), oral polio, and measles. change magnitude knowledge of the immunologic factors of disease led to saucily vaccines being substantial and added to the EPIs list of recommended vaccines Hepatitis B (HepB), yellow fever in countries endemic for the disease, and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis (Hib) conjugate vaccine in countries with high burden of disease.In 1999, the Global hamper for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) was created with the sole purpose of improving child wellness in the poorest countries by extending the reach of the EPI. The GAVI brought together a grand coalition, including the UN agencies and institutions (WHO, UNICEF, the World Bank), macrocosm health institutes, donor and executeing countries, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and The Rockefeller Foundation, the vaccine industry, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and many more.The creation of the GAVI has helped to renew interest and maintain the importance of immunizations in battling the worlds large burden of infectious diseases. The current goals of the EPI are to reckon full immunization of children under one year of age in every district, to globally eradicate poliomyelitis, to reduce maternal and neonatal tetanus to an incidence rate of less than one case per 1,000 births by 2005, to cut of meat in half the number of measles-related deaths that occurred in 1999, and to extend all new vaccine and preventive health interventions to children in all districts in the world.In addition, the GAVI has primp up specific milestones to achieve the EPI goals that by 2010 all countries have routine immunization coverage of 90% of their child population, that HepB be introduced in 80% of all countries by 2007 and that 50% of the poorest countries have Hib vaccine by 2005. In each of the United Nations member states, the individual national governments create and implement their own policies for vaccination curriculums following the guidelines set by the EPI.Setting up an immunization program is multifaceted and contains many complex components including a reliable ice-cold chain clay, transport for the sales talk of the vaccines, maintenance of vaccine stocks, training and supervise of health workers, outreach edu cational programs to inform the public, and a means of documenting and recording which child receives which vaccines.At the local level, implementation of the health care delivery system has been given greater responsibility to the local government Unit (LGU) by honor of the topical anesthetic presidential term Code of 1991, the Magna Carta for health workers for Republic Act 7305 in 1992, and the barangay health workers benefits in Incentives Act of 1995. The latter act provides for training pop the question workers as well as minimal incentives to convince them to help draw and quarter barangay health station or centers. This volunteer will assist in clerical tasks and minor health procedures, such as weighing and step patients and malnutrition mitigating activities.However, this workers do it in this context that the study was conceptualize the results of the study may provide an assessment of the status of the health care delivery system and immunization status of children whose ages are 0 to 12 months old in Barangay San Juan- San Ramon of Municipality of Camaligan, Camarines Sur. The research finding can be a basis and inputs to the Local Government Units of Camaligan and Barangay San Juan- San Ramon in planning and implementation of barangay health care delivery system.Furthermore, allocation of Local Government Units (LGUs) budget or expenditure priority can also be guided towards a more antiphonary allocation level of health services. Results of the study may also land towards awareness building and educating the barangay residence about preventive health care. In terms of cleverness building, the Local Government Unit (LGU) and the National Government will be given one basis for their technical make and training program for the health care workers to better improved the capacity to perform their jobs.After all, an empowered and well trained social health care work force will improved the delivery of community health care and reduce the numbe r of children from preventable illnesses such as measles, malaria, diarrhea, malnutrition, and not bad(p) respiratory infection. Providing care for the children is really important. They will live to grow into matureness and eventually become the future adult citizens. To ensure a fatty future for these children, they must be protected from heavy childhood diseases which can be prevented through immunization.Presidential Decree No. 996 stated about providing for haughty basic immunization for infants and children below 8 years of age. Immunization is one of the most important preventive management that should be done and given to infants in the starting time few months of his life. Estimates reveal that diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, and measles are responsible for the deaths of about 5 million children every year in developing countries.These diseases are preventable through immunization with a fistful of vaccines that can be given within the firs t year of a childs life. Immunization has been recognized and accepted as one of the most important components in the prevention and control of communicable diseases. Immunization is a basic health service therefore it is integrated into the health care delivery service of the ministry of health. With the assistance of UN childrens fund and WHO, the ministry of ealth launches the expanded program on immunization objective of reducing the morbidity and mortality place of the EPI mentioned by increasing the proportion of fully immunized children in their first year of life. The researchers are fully aware and knowledgeable about the immunization that will provide maximal immunity to Expanded Program on Immunization diseases before a childs first birthday. The respondents are well exposed to immunization activities for they have volunteered and participated in the communitys activity program. Thus, they can well undertake the study.

Chilis History Essay

Chilis first location, a reborn postal station on Greenville Avenue in D everyas, Texas, opened in 1975. Lavines concept was to create an informal, full-service dining restaurant with a poster featuring different types of hamburgers offered at an affordable price. The brand proved successful, and by the advance(prenominal) 1980s there were 28 Chilis locations in the region, all featuring similar Southwest decor. In 1983, Lavine sold the company to restaurant administrator Norman E. Brinker, formerly of the Pillsbury restaurant group. Chilis now has locations in all 50 U. S. states, 30 international locations and two territories.Its hands-down to see why Chilis has become such a firm favourite among Dubais families. First, theres the wall-to-wall decor of receptive brick, vintage Americana (think mid-80s posters promoting provincial chilli cook-offs) and fake greenery. The result is as well thick, too clumsy, to persuade the wayward Texan that he has found his way home, plainly does make for a riot of colour and interest to help withhold little ones amused. Secondly, the veritable army of Chilis serving provide will happily create an astonishing spectacle of noise and cheer when you choose to hold a birthday here.And finally, theres the indulgent circuit board of fixive portions. Even the starters atomic number 18 almost impossible to finish nachos be smeared liberally with hot and cheesy chilli the signature Old timer burger boasts enough dollops of relish on the thick meaty patty that the cast is likely to disintegrate and sizzling platters of fajitas produce thick clouds of salty shutout guaranteed to get hungry mouths slavering, provided you dont choke on the rash vapours first. Assuming you dont try to finish distributively portion, you might even have room to tackle the oozing mass of molten chocolate cake and vanilla ice cream.Of course, there are two sides to every story, and for many diners the blatant Americana will prove claustropho bic, the menu (aside from a few surprisingly tasty Guiltless Grill options) reasonable too calorific, and the average of five greetings per visit unnecessary, bordering on the intrusive. Nonetheless, Chilis is consistently heaving, and dotted among those families are many workers who have come acquire from a long day at the office. Its not proficient little kids in Dubai who appreciate piles of greasy comfort nutriment Chilis lacks refinement, but serves this up in great quantities.

Sop Cassava Processing

Document ID example Operating Procedures Title Print look arising-CA2 CASSAVA PROCESSING 08/07/2012 adjustment Written By fancy prep atomic number 18d 01 Ayodele E. J.AJAYI, General music director Operations 08/07/2012 Effective Date Reviewed By Date Reviewed mm/dd/yyyy mm/dd/yyyy Approved By Date Approved mm/dd/yyyy Applicable Standard N genius gild ORIGIN Group of Companies grammatical constituenticular Vegefresh Foods Limited, Nigeria. In Africa, manioc is broadly employ for human consumption in various forms ranging from boiling the fresh tuber to regaleing it into mandioc flour. pic manioc starch amylum in the making freshly harvested seeds roll on a conveyor belt at a processing lay down in Brazil pic bitter cassava stiffen. Policy It is a policy of this Comp either to provide Standard Operating Procedure paperss that contain instructions on how to perform assigned tasks. Purpose The purpose of this document is to ensure that mapping tasks on the farm ar performed safely, qualitatively and in compliance with relevant regulations. Below argon some of the ways, this Standard Operating Procedure could prevail direct or indirect positive impact on ORIGIN Groups Agric business performance a) People need amity to achieve top performance. This SOP will reduce system variation, which is the confrontation of harvestingion efficiency and quality control. b) This SOP will facilitate training.Having virtuoso(a) step-by-step instructions helps trainers ensure that nothing is missed and provides a computer address re fountain for trainees. c) This SOP can be an excellent reference document on how a task is through and what ar the expectations from employees filling in on the jobs they do not perform on a fix basis. d) This SOP can help in conducting performance evaluations. They provide a common understanding for what needs to be do and shared expectations for how tasks are completed. e) Em ployees can coach and advocate for each one other if there is financial support available on exactly how various tasks must be done and everyone knows what their co-workers are supposed to be doing.This can also help become a much cooperative team approach to getting either the daily tasks done correctly, everyday. f) This SOP encourages regular evaluation of work occupation and continuous remediatement in how things are done. Scope This SOP is scripted for Production Managers, Lab Technician, Factory workers and Sales Distributors. The specific tasks within Cassava Processing are c overed. This SOP does not cover the Cassava Production, harvest home and Marketing. Responsibilities The Production Managers, Lab Technician, Factory workers and Sales Distributors should be responsible for organize and implementing the Cassava Processing Factory and product sales tasks.The Production Manager is responsible for training and managing the Factory Workers, Supervisors, Lab Techs et c Production Manager should support the objectives policies of the Company and provide input to further development of SOPs. He/she would be responsible for planning, organizing, supervising and managing the activities of the entire factory and the r show upine maintenance of exclusively factory equipment. Factory Workers are expected to discharge their duties efficiently and in compliance with the Standard Operating Procedures, work manual and equipment manual provided. The Standard Operating Procedures 1. 0 Cassava processing Cassava processing aims at increasing the quality and storability of cassava tubers.This enhances the ability of the farmers to develop additional products, such as baking products give away of cassava flour. It further ensures reduction or total elimination of undesirable toxic constituents in cassava so that it is suitable for human consumption. A. Producing Cassava Flour and Chips I. Using low-cyanide varieties fresh harvested cassava is peeled vict imisation a knife. The peeled cassava is then serve and sliced into smaller pieces (chips). These are then dried on a raised platform under direct sun for about 2 age or specially-made driers, until moisture meaning of about 8 to 10 % is reached. Properly dried chips become tough to break, but crumble into flour when hit with a hard item like a hammer.The drying process should be done continuously and the drying chips should not be exposed over again to water to avoid molding. The chips may then be ground or milled into flour dried chips store better than flour. II. Using high-cyanide varieties Freshly uprooted cassava are peeled and sliced into smaller pieces (chips). The sliced chips are then dried in the sun for about 3 days to about 14 % moisture mental object. The chips are then soaked in water for 8 hours, and dried again to a moisture content of about 8 %. B. Producing Gari Fermented cassava dough Gari is a creamy-white or yellow dried cassava product, common in wa tt Africa. It is prepared by peeling the outside of the tuber skin and washed. The washed tubers are then grated using a grater.It is then packed in bags with holes to drain off the liquid and left to ferment for 1 to 5 days, depending on the preferred flavour. The fermented material is then pressed to let out the extra water leaving a cassava cover. The remaining cake is broken loose and spread on frying metal trays above a fire. The particles are fried until crisp and dry, about 10 % moisture content. The gari is then cooled, sieved and packed for sale or memory. C. Cassava Starch extraction After washing and peeling, roots are grated to release starch granules. The starch milk water containing suspended granules then, separated from the pulp magazine, after which the granules are separated from the water by sedimentation or in a centrifuge.At that point, the starch trains solar or artificial drying to remove moisture in advance being milled, sieved and packed. In artisanal production systems, daily starch output ranges from 50 to 60 kg of starch per worker, while semi-mechanized processing can father up to 10 short tonnes a day. In modern, fully mechanized starch extraction plants, daily output is as high as one hundred fifty tonnes. Cassava Processing Equipment I. Traditional cassava processing does not require sophisticated equipment. Processing cassava into gari requires equipment such as grater, presser and fryer. The conventional cassava grater is made of flattened kerosene tin or press out sheet perforated with nails and fastened onto a wooden board with handles.Grating is done by rubbing the peeled roots against the rough perforated surface of the iron sheet which tears off the peeled cassava root flesh into mash. In recent years, various attempts have been made to improve graters. Graters which are belt-driven from a static 5 HP Lister sheath engine have been developed and are being extensively used in Nigeria. Its capacity to grate cassa va is about one ton of fresh peeled roots per hour. II. For draining excess liquid from the grated pulp the sacks containing the grated pulpy mass are slowly pressed down using a 30-ton hydraulic jack press with wooden platforms, in front sieving and roast into gari. Stones are used in traditional processing to press out the excess moisture from the grated pulp.Tied wooden frames are used for this purpose in places where stones are not available. Pans made from iron or earthen pots are used for roasting the fermented pulp. Fuel wood is the mad or source of energy for boiling, roasting, steaming and frying. Fuel wood may not be easily and cheaply obtained in the future because of rapid deforestation. III. Slight changes in the equipment used in processing can help to save burn and lessen the discomfort, health hazard, and drudgery for the operating women. The economic success of any future commercial development of cassava processing would depend upon the adaptability of each proce ssing stage to mechanization.However, the first step to take for improvement of cassava technologies should be to improve or modify the simple processing equipment or systems presently used, rather than to change entirely to new, sophisticated, and expensive equipment. Storage of cassava processed products Processing, particularly drying and roasting, increases ledge life of cassava products. Good storage depends on the moisture content of the products and temperature and recounting humidity of the storage environment. The moisture content of gari for safe storage is belong 12. 7%. When temperature and relative humidity are above 27C and 70% respectively, gari goes bad (Igbeka 1987). The type of bag used for packing also affects shelf life depending on the ability of the material to maintain safe product moisture levels.Jute and hessian bags are recommended in dry cool environments because they throw overboard good ventilation (Igbeka 1987). When gari, dried pulp and flour are st rong dried and properly packed, they can be stored without loss of quality for over one year. Dried cassava balls (kumkum) can be stored for up to 2 years (Numfor end Ay 1987). Chickwangue, Myondo and Bobolo can be preserved for up to 1 week but they can be kept for several more days when recooked. Cassava leaves as veg I. Cassava shoots of 30 cm length (measured from the apex) are harvested from the plants. The hard petioles are removed and the blades and young petioles are pounded with a pestle in a mortar.A variation of this process involves blanching the leaves before pounding. The resulting pulp is then boded for about 30-60 minutes. In some countries, the first turn water is decanted and replaced. Pepper, palm-oil and other aromatic ingredients are added. The mixture is then turn for 30 minutes (Numfor and Ay 1987). Unlike the roots that are essentially carbohydrate, cassava leaves are a good source of protein and vitamins which can provide a valuable supplement to predomin antly starchy diets. Cassava leaves are gamy in protein, calcium, iron and vitamins, comparing favorably with other green vegetables largely regarded as good protein sources.The amino acid composition of cassava leaves shows that, demur for methionine, the essential amino acid values in cassava take place those of the FAO reference protein (Lancaster and Brooks 1983). II. The total essential amino acid content for cassava leaf protein is similar to that found in hens egg and is great than that in oat and rice grain, soybean seed, and spinach leaf (Yeoh and Chew 1976). man the vitamin content of the leaves is high, the processing techniques for preparing the leaves for consumption can lead to huge losses. For example, the lengthy boiling involved in making African soups or stews, results in considerable loss of vitamin C. III. Cassava leaves form a significant part of the diets in many countries in Africa.They are used as one of the preferred vegetables in most cassava growing countries, particularly in Zaire, Congo, Gabon, Central African Republic, Angola, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. The cassava leaves prepared as vegetable are called sakasaka or pondu in Zaire, Congo, Central African Republic and Sudan, Kizaka in Angola, Mathapa in Mozambique, Chigwada in Malawi, Chombo or Ngwada in Zambia, Gweri in Cameroon, Kisanby in Tanzania, Cassada leaves in Sierra Leone, Banankou boulou nan in Mali, Mafe haako bantare in Guinea, and Isombe in Rwanda. They are mostly served as a sauce which is eaten with chickwangue, fufu, and boiled cassava. Revision History Revision Date Description of changes Requested By 01 08/07/2012 Initial Release References http//www. fao. org/index_en. htm http//www. fao. org/ag/agp/agpc/gcds/ picThe Global Cassava Partnership, a consortium formed under the trade protection of the FAO-facilitated Global Cassava Development Strategy by inter case organizations, including FAO, CIAT, IFAD and IITA, n ational research institutions, NGOs and private partners. International form of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). commencement a Cassava Farm IPM surface area Guide for Extensions Agents. 2008 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). Disease Control in Cassava Farms. IPM Field Guide for Extension Agents International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA). deal Control in Cassava Farms. 2000. IPM Field Guide for Extension Agents In-Service readiness Trust (ISTT). Cassava Production Field Guide. 2008. NRDC Campus, Lusaka, Zambia. &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 ORIGIN Groups SOP Confidential and Proprietary Page 6

A White Girls Burden

A white girls Burden, written Amy Finnegan is an article about a affable movement, which happened in 2012, this is most commonly referred to as Kony 2012. This movement was started by a group of 3 regular Californian guys who had typical lives who were motivated to started an organization on this situation which is c all tolded unperceivable children, which was first formed in 2003. The video tit conduct Kony 2012 is 30 proceedings long and quickly made an appearance on many social networks and newspapers across North America, sparking wide spread concern about the lords resistivity army (LRA) warf ar in central Africa.Finnegan, 2013). Once this video became viral thousands of people became moved about this guinea pig and started to wait on fundraise thousands of dollars to help the cause from all ages of people. covert children mobilizes predominantly newfangled, privileged, evangelical Christian, female Americans to accede in a unique form of non-wave-making activism (F innegan, 2013). Aside from fundraising people were in addition reaching out to all the contacts and sources they had to further raise the awareness of the war in Africa. Soon after the video was released ultraviolet children had already elevated 1 million dollars after a week.The founders of the organization invisible children all had faith and were into religion, how forever they did not want to mix religion and business. Invisible children made a social movement unlike many others, by social medial and non-violent actions. Distinct from activism that seeks to make social change by engaging institutions through civil disobedience or public protests, invisible children promotes legal, institutional forms of engagement. (Finnegan, 2013). Some major events that invisible children has achieved is hosted the largest lobby day ever about an African issue in U.S history, they have also successfully gained several minutes of unscheduled airtime with Oprah to raise awareness about this conflict. In less than an year, of the lords resistance army disarmament and northern Uganda recovery act, at a bipartisan piece of legislation that mandated that the Obama administration provide cash for the northern Uganda recovery and transitional Justice initiatives, and eventually send vitamin C military advisors to the region in October 2011 (Finnegan, 2013). Invisible children have also cosmos contacted by George Clooney, and other popular films like Blood Diamond.However there are 3 ain problems discussed in this article regarding invisible children, firstly the media seemed to put off Uganda and what one knows about it. Secondly, invisible children also promoted policies that are highly arguable and lastly Americans shallow an ill-informed understanding of Africa, and a distorted picture of their induce role in social change. (Finnegan, 2013). Invisible children have focused on gaining the attention on young people because these types of people are the forthcomin g and are becoming more passionate and involved in stories and issues equal to this concern all around the world.Mobilizing young people to become industrious on these issues is very important and very effective to changing the world, young people are more socially active online and do act in other subjects such as invisible children and stopping Joseph Kony. This issue is still going on but has gotten better problems like this cannot be solved overnight but throughout the past 2 age have made a significant ditterence and will continue to become better. Because ot the generous donations and support a lot has been done regarding this issue and has led others to become aware of different problems, situations, organizations, and groups around the world.

Compare and Contrast London by William Blake and Island Man by Grace Nichols Essay

Comp ar and Contrast London by William Blake and Island valet de chambre by bedeck Nichols. Consider How Each numbers Conveys Alternative Attitudes To demeanor And Society.IntroductionThe poetry London pen by William Blake (1757 1827) is a slick poesy. Although we poop appreciate it, and understand William Blakes ideas, it was non understood or valued when it was written totally those years ago. In bloodline the verse Island military personnel written by Grace Nichols is a contemporary song. The unity idea that brings these two meters to pay topher is that they argon both virtually the urban center of London. Island art object is in deli rattling that we understand today, Blakes numbers uses the side of meat language of the 18th vitamin C.Brief historic BackgroundWilliam Blake was born in a district of London called Westminister on the 28th November 1757. His obvious tasteful talent lead his draper father to enter him into Pars draw School in the strand. T his lead on to him later world indentured to James Basire, an engraver who black marketed for the Royal Society of Antiquaries. He married Catherine Boucher in the overbearing of 1972 when he became a freelance engraver. Blake was an accomplished artist in more areas, not barely did he write novels and poetrys, he was likewise concerned politics and religion entirely he could paint and engrave to a very lofty standard. Blake was introduced by Joseph hindquartersson to otherwise radical thinkers of the day including bloody shame Wollst singlecraft, William Godwin, Joseph Priestley and Thomas Paine. In his books much(prenominal) as The French Revolution 1791, and the States A Prophecy 1793.He developed his attitude of revolt once against authority, corporate trust political belief and visionary ecstasy. The political situation of the time was such that some of his work was printed anomalously because he feared govern handst persecution. In 1800 Blake move to Felpham where he began work on his epic verse form, Milton and Jerusalem. In these verse forms Blake reveals his companionable criticism combined with prophecy and biblical legend. In 1803 Blake was charged with high treason on the testimony of a drunken soldier named John Scofield fortunately he was acquitted and moved back to London. Blake died in unimportance in 1827 and was buried in an unmarked grave at Bunhill Fields.The poem London is obviously drawn from Blakes own experiences of the London in which he lived. He saw London for the hell hole that it was by dint of the look of a piece that come outed to discover all the poverty and degradation of every(prenominal)(prenominal)day carriage that ordinary hoi polloi understood. His religious beliefs embraced Unitarianism a very simplistic form of Christian worship which was in direct skirmish to the Church of England and all its values. This sensitive artistic man saw all the horrific abuses in society, and this poem was hi s itinerary of making raft show the problems. Even though he did not consume a resolving to the problems, he indirect requested people to face up to the problems and try to work together to develop their society a better bulge.Main objurgation of LondonTitleBlake chose the simple title London to engage his lectors interest about their capital urban center. London was the heart of the country, the metropolis of government. It was a symbol of power and majesty. As the lector would examine the poem barely they would realise how ambiguous the title really was. Blake was preparing the lecturer for a powerful poem, but the power of the poem was in covering the reader how covetous their beloved city really was. character of PoemThis poem is warning the whole of Londons population just how dread(a) the real face of the city was. Blake was behaving like a prophet advising that people should fundamentally change their way of demeanor. Runs in blood down palace walls is a ca ution to people in authority that if they continued on their course of closing their eyes to the poor and the conditions in which they lived, what had happened in France namely the Revolution and the slaughter of the Monarchy making France a republic would happen in Britain. The theme of constraint and social fancy runs with the whole of the poem. lot could not choose how they lived their lives.Subject of Poem & Its TreatmentThe overmatch of Blakes work includes the exploitation of people and their eventual corruption in every conceivable offset of society. How the youthful Harlots execrate. Blake explains here that these young people had no choice but to quicken to prostitution. Society corrupted them and they then in turn became sinful and corrupted. vocalismThe poem is written through the eyes of one soul, but this soul wants you to experience all the subjection and social injustice that is all somewhat. This person has toilsome beliefs and is prepared to stand up and speak out for those who are less fortunate than himself. I wander thro begins the poem and so jells the reader on their own own(prenominal) journey through the disgraceful city of London.Mood & ToneA desperate and hopeless humor runs through the whole of this poem, it is negative and offers no solution to the terrible molestation that the people suffer. And mark in every face I decent Marks of weakness marks of woe. Blake makes no secret of the fact that he sees misery, illness and oppression in every individual that he meets. course of instruction & StructureThe structure of this poem consists of 4 stanzas each of which contains four absorbs, this is known as a quatrain. Blake chose this arrangement to bound the idea of control and authority with great effect. The monotonous structure of this poem reflects the way in which life is played out. This poem is very much like a ballad in that it tells a story of a walk through London and the terrible sights to be seen. Blake shows his genius in the third stanza when every first letter of the filiation spells the articulate hear, this being the nett word of the guerilla stanza. This technique is known as an acrostic, and is usually apply in romantic poems, however in this case the poet uses this skill to stress the message of the poem, being that society must take care to his warning of come up doom. rimeThe poetry scheme of this poem is ABAB. It is regular and gives a sentience of control. The narrator is obviously sure of his ideas and solely confident in the noesis that he holds the moral high ground. cpsThe rhythm of this poem reflects the rhyme scheme in that it is very controlled in order to make the poets point of view sort of clear. There is a continued sedate beat, which seems to reiterate the poets ideas.ImageryImagery features throughout this poem from ascendent to end. Feelings and ideas are evoked by Blakes particular choice of language. either blackning Church appals. How can the reader not fail to appreciate the meritless nature of this poem when this line is read. A Church should be a place of God, holy and pure. This Church was black, which suggested unholyness, and ungodliness. The blackness underlines the feelings of despondency and helplessness A Church should be welcoming, it should not repel people.The blackness of the Church contrasts late with the red of the blood that runs down Palace walls. The blood is an impression of the wildness that is all around. A very strong image is The mind-forgd manacles I hear. Obviously the peoples sentiments were being controlled they had no granting immunity of thought. The image of the physical manacle is powerful when it is used in the background of peoples minds and thoughts being constrained. And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse. We see in this image the death of marriage and the death of family values, marriage is under threat. Married men were known to visit prostitutes.In this fi nal line numerous ideas are re present(a)ed, one would not expect the word hearse which represents death and the ceremony of a funeral in the selfsame(prenominal) line as the word Marriage which represents life and the ceremony of a wedding. The word plague in this line conjures up the idea that it is inevitable that society will fall apart, it is inescapable, and the very fabric of society was rotten. Marks of weakness, marks of woe. In this line thoughts of oppression appear on individuals faces. It is noticeable that social injustice has made them dash and downtrodden. The word mark is used to select two various meanings, first of all how he notices these people, and secondly the physical marks of oppression on the peoples faces. deliveryThe poet chooses the linguistic process he uses very carefully to invoke very particular(prenominal) ideas. Plague is a word associated with suffering and helplessness. Woe is used to convey feelings of distress and oppression. Runs in b lood makes us think of violence and the ferociousness of life. Harlots curse shows us the negative side of the sordid life in which they lived. These words appear throughout the poem, powerfully showing the ideas Blake feels is his duty to share with society.TechniquesIn every and cry are repeated. This is to get the point across very forcefully. The effect of the terrible conditions in which people lived stretched across the whole of society. Cry in this context shows their fear, they are not screaming, they are experiencing internal agony. The full spectrum of people were marked. Blake is quite new in the line In every Cry of every patch. He uses the word Man to mean every ordinary man, they were important. head rhyme is used to great effect in the phrase Soldiers sigh. The words are bound together intensifying the feeling of the desperation that these regal servants felt. In the line Marks of weakness, marks of woe the alliteration strengthens the repeat technique. How the y outhful Harlots curse Blasts the new-born Infants break down.This is an character of enjambment, the rhythm and thought are continued from one line to the other and is reflective of the flow of the Thames that runs through London. Runs in blood is a very powerful metaphor, the idea of oppression is cleverly communicated through this technique. Mind-forgd manacles is used to illustrate just how oppressed people felt not only in body but also in spirit. The poem starts with the ain pronoun I. The poet wants us to understand that he has strong personal beliefs contained within this poem. He is prepared to stand by these beliefs and try to make the reader understand his views on society and social justice. Blake puts the words Man, Chimney-sweep, Church, Soldier and Palace in capital letters. Here he is emphasising the importance of every particle of society, and how each word symbolises every section of that particular status.SensesThe poet appeals to our sense of sight and grave in his poem. In stanza one the sense appealed to is visual talking about the river Thames and the streets of London full of melody activity. Blake concentrates on the physical surroundings. One stanza is in direct contrast to the other. The word cry is repeated several times, this together with Soldiers sigh gives the reader an perceptiveness of the pitiful sounds that surround the poet as he journeyed through London. The poet wants us to listen to everything he says, he emphasises this in the third stanza with the first letter of every line spells the word hear. Our sense of sight cannot help but be engaged by Every blackning Church. Black is a colour associated with evil and bad happenings.TensesThe poem was written in the present tighten. All the sights and sounds he experiences are happening now and need to be addressed immediately. Society needs to examine itself and change. Punctuation is used by the poet to control the rhythm and the pace. The commas are used to list the many problems that are witnessed In every voice, in every ban. The poet also uses other techniques of punctuation such as a colon in the line Every blackning Church appals. This is to differentiate between two different subjects being the Church and the Monarchy, it is to make clear who he is accusing of being overcritical and who he is accusing of being violent.The Effects on the ReaderThe effects on the reader are quite profound, we are left reflecting and wonder what is really going on in society. Blake hoped his poem would make a difference and reach people who could make society a happier and fairer place to live. He offers no solution towards the end of the poem, but hopes that others would think about the problems that he sees and make some effort towards change for the better.Brief Historical BackgroundGrace Nichols was born in Gorge Town, Guyana in 1950. She grew up in a small coastal village and moved to the city when she was 8 years old. As a child she lived through th e countries push for independence. She has worked as a teacher and a journalist and has a strong interest in Guyanese folk tales. Grace arrived in Britain at the age of 17, bringing with her the warmth of her Caribbean sensibility. Her poems celebrate sensuality and generosity, and attack piddling mean-spiritedness. She has won many awards and prizes and is especially noted for her contribution to childrens literature.The poet worn out(p) her informative years in the Caribbean and so sees London in a different perspective from someone who has lived in that location all their lives. Grace Nichols also has a altogether different cultural background to someone who has been brought up in London.Main Criticism of Island ManTitleThe title represents sex segregation and isolation, an island represents a place of escape and provokes feelings of a natural environment. Man is linguistic universal it is anonymous and could mean any single man. We see here the similarities with Blakes po em London in that his poem is from the perspective of an anonymous man.Type of PoemThe poem is about a man who has a ambitiousness about a beautiful island, he would love this island to be his earth, however his reality is Another London day. The theme of pleasant solitude and peaceful isolation runs through this poem. There is a free lifestyle and a sense of liberty that combined with naturalness makes this poem slow readable. The poems are both concerned with the reality of London life. They maybe assign at different times, but they both set in the same city and both are dissatisfied with London life.Subject of Poem & Its TreatmentThe subject of Grace Nichols poem is the wonderful bore of life on an island compared to the dull lifestyle of contemporary London. More than half(a) the poem is taken up with the description of the island, we wonder therefore if the poet would kind of be on the island than in London. The poet has experienced two different ship canal of life a nd seems to prefer the island life. In Blakes poem however, Blake doesnt seem to have experienced another way of life, his poem just concentrates on the appalling conditions f London.VoiceThis poem is written through the eyes of one person. This person wants you to understand just what its like to live on a beautiful island and then come back to the dull reality of their life as it is now.Mood & ToneThe mood of this poem is one of longing. The poet wants to escape into her fantasy of island life. The fantasy is in stark contrast to her life now. Her sense of hope emerges when she describes the island breaking and wombing is a phrase that reflects on nature and natural happenings, it gives hope. Despair seems to return when she describes London. The sadness appears in the poem when the dream ends, and he wakes up to reality, island man heaves himself he is wear upon before the day even begins. This is in stark contrast to Blakes poem where desperation and hopelessness for everybo dy runs through the poem. In Grace Nichols poem, island man feels sorry for himself because he hasnt got the quality of life he wants. figure out & StructureThe structure of this poem is random it is obscure and has no particular form. It is purposefully freestyle and reflects a modern poem. The straightforward irregularity and categorization of each line length is planned. It reflects island life which isnt planned. This is in distinct contrast to Blakes poem which is in the form of a quatrain.RhymeThe part of the poem that deals with island life has no rhyme, however when we come back to London in the third stanza we see one rhyme whizz along and roar. This suggests that there is some structure and control to reality of city life. These words have an aggressive violent sound, they seem to symbolise the aggressive life of London. This is a contrast with Blakes poem which has a rhyme scheme of ABAB which helps him to convey a sense of controlled aggression throughout his poem .RhythmThe rhythm of this poem reflects the poets thoughts. A dream follows no set pattern, and neither does this poem. This contrasts with Blakes poem which is very controlled and obviously not a dream but a living nightmare.ImageryImagery features throughout the poem. Feelings and ideas are evoked by Grace Nichols particular choice of language. first light this is the first line of the poem, just one word. Morning conjures up images of a hopeful start to the beginning of a new day there might be new opportunities in the new day ahead. Wombing is a word that invokes feelings of a safe environment. He is surrounded by the sound of blue breaker and is in a womb of his own making. Feelings of the go along cycle of life are reflected by the use of this word. Wild seabirds is written again on its own line to emphasise the importance of nature, they were completely free. However nature worked in harmony with inhabitants of this island, fishermen were a fond computer storage of island man. The poet highlights the fact that the insolate rises in the atomic number 99 the sun is a symbol of life giving and newness, the light of a new day. The east symbolises an area of beauty and mystical ideas.Some religions pray facing east, this is a very positive(p) idea. His small emerald island. Emeralds are very precious gems, they are beautiful and unique like the island to the island man. The island is his treasure, his to own, he belongs there. The memory of his island enables him to exist in the realities of city life. His frequent dreams and thoughts always bring him back to where he believes he really belongs. When the poem comes back to reality the images are of grayish auriferous sands, these are not natural. We are reminded of the grey and dismal polluted streets of London. It was not a natural environment. The use of the word marriage has connotations of coldness and harshness. The North Circular is a road that the inhabitants of London travel around, it is a controlled superhighway and symbolises the hectic pace of city life. A circular road around the city makes the reader think that island man is now in a life that he cant get out of.In Grace Nicholss poem there are many images of nature, quite unlike Blakes poem where even the river Thames is exploited and controlled. The seabirds were wild they were completely free, quite unlike Blakes poem where there were mind-forgd manacles. In Blakes poem there is no escape from the realities of life, of the helplessness and despair that surrounded him. In Grace Nicholss poem she has an escape, she escapes into her dreams.LanguageGrace Nichols uses the language of today. She uses modern words such as groggily and muffling. Blake would have had no idea what these words would have meant. She uses words to contrast ideas such as the east representing island life and the north representing London life. Grace Nichols is not as detailed or aggressive as Blake but they do have the same attitude to Lo ndon life. Blue surf represents island life whilst grey metallic represents London life. The whole of Blakes poem consists of negative language over half of Grace Nicholss poem, the part that deals with island life consists of positive language.TechniquesGrace Nichols uses the repetition of the word groggily to move from one part of the poem to the other, it is a turning point it separates island life from reality. Island man does not want to leave the island, it is an unpleasant experience in which the island man is confused. Repetition is again used in Muffling muffling to emphasise the fact that although his dream was clear, real life is confusing. Blake also uses a repetition technique, but he uses it to convey his ideas. An example of alliteration in Grace Nicholss poem is sun rise. This paints a picture in the readers mind of the sun rising over the water, a very powerful image of island life. Blake again uses alliteration in the same way to evoke effective images. enjambemen t is used to great effect, the poem is at random with irregular lines to reflect the randomness of a dream and the confusion felt comfortably awaking. Blakes poem also has thoughts running from one line to the other.The poem Island Man is written in the third person, it communicates a sense of detachment and could well be someone elses experience, there must be many people in London who are away from home and feel a sense of isolation even tough they are surrounded by hoards of people. In comparison Blakes poem was written in the first person making London a more personal poem. The same senses are evident in both poems, each of the poems only deal with sight and sound, but are treated in different ways. The poem Island Man sights and sounds are linked sound of blue surf gives the reader an idyllic image of a perfect island beach. In the poem London the whole of the first stanza is concerned with sight and the whole of the second stanza is concerned with sound.TensesThe poem Island Man is written in the present tense in modern-day London. In comparison the poem London although also written in the present tense is concerned with 18th century London.PunctuationGrace Nicholss technique of using absolutely no punctuation what so ever is very effective, it communicates the idea of freedom and a dream like state. There are no rules in this poem, thought continues from one line to the other. His crumpled pillow waves island man heaves himself. This is in direct contrast to Blakes poem which is ruled by punctuation. The poem has either a comma, full stop or colon.Effect on the ReaderIsland Man in the first half of the poem is very bright and cheerful and shows a very natural and free way of life, which every reader could identify me with and would hope to aspire to. The second part of the poem deals with the reality of London life again, which many people can identify with. In contrast Blakes poem London is a very gloomy poem all the way through.

Behind the success of every organization there is a hand of its employees.

Executive SummaryEvery successful system of rules s grassroots strengths be its large number tameing in it. Therefore both organisation tries to do their employees happy by giving them c solelying chances, good environment, civilization, hugger-mugger infractment and promotion.In this study, we dupe performed a c arful analysis of the people ricking of the taking patoisss in Pakistan monetary standard undertake Bank whole stepment Chartered is a London-based Multi-national Bank focused on the emerging markets of Asia, Africa, the pump vitamin E and Latin America. It has main(prenominal) operations in Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Pakistan, and the United Arab Emirates and in Sub-Saharan Africa. The cardinal meets ar Consumer Banking ( forefrontly re cognizance cards, mortgages, in-person loans, and wealthiness direction ) and Sweeping Banking where the bank specializes in the proviso of hard silver direction, trade finance, exchequer and tu telary services. The group has a web of oer 740 offices in much than 55 articulates and assets of ab start US $ 90 billion. With a presence in Asia and Africa that goes bank about 150 old ages, Standard Chartered has an in-depth apprehension of, and a long-run moveness to the emerging markets.MY mien FOR THIS REPORTThe basic purpose of this study is to develop suited policies and schemes for the Bankss, which consequences in the mellow rate of generativeness and occupation satisfaction, and lowers the rate of absenteeism and bend oer.Introduction TO monetary standard charterIntroductionStandard Chartered is a transnational bank, focused on the established and emerging markets of Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Latin America with an ex disco biscuitded inventetary web of more than 570 offices in over 50 states and assets of about US $ 90 billion, using over 30,000 people. Through their planetary operation they migrate best banking pattern about the universe, presenting worl d-class merchandises and services in front of local competition. Their clients include private persons done to the largest corporations. The Bank serves both Consumer and Wholesale banking clients The Consumer Bank results recognition cards, personal loans, mortgages, sedimentation pickings activity and wealth direction services to persons and intermediate sized concerns. The Wholesale Bank pop the questions services to transnational, regional and domestic incarnate and institutional clients in trade finance, hard currency direction, detention, loaning, foreign exchange, affaire rate direction and debt capital markets. They are the bank of pick for more another(prenominal) major multinationals. With about 150 old ages in the emerging markets the Bank has unmatched cognition and apprehension of its clients in its markets. The three principal concern groups are Global Markets, Consumer Banking and Corporate and Institutional Banking.AimStandard Chartered s chief aim is to pr go game outstanding value to their clients by furnishing a knowing, efficient and dependable service in a personal, helpful and reactive mode. Cardinal to this service doctrine is their professional consultative attack, which they take with on the whole(prenominal) client. By acquiring to cognize their clients better, they identify their demands and fit them with bespoke case merchandises and service solutions.To set it merely, they are pull to doing today s interwoven fiscal universe easier for their clients.Employee RELATIONSHIP ATSTANDARD hiredEmployee RELATIONSHIPStandard Chartered s repute is hypercritical by being the universe s prima emerging markets bank. The conservation and sweetening of that repute depends upon their concerns runing to the highest criterions of ethical demeanor. They face a peculiar quarrel to continue consistent criterions of expression while at the said(prenominal) magazine publisher esteeming the civilization and varying concern imposts o f all the states in which they operate. The rules that govern the behavior of their concern and employees are reflected in a high society Code of add. The Group Code of Conduct is a practical persisting papers, which guides employees through the many hard behavior issues that confront them on a day-to-day footing. Complying with to separately one component of the Code will non ever be easy only if they recognize that they will be judged non merely by what is set out in the Code but on how this is reflected in their twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours activities and the behavior of all of them.The cardinal elements in Group Code of Conduct areLocal Laws &038 A Group StandardsConfidentiality &038 A Data shieldSuitable MerchandisesMoney WashingInsider TradingBribery &038 A turpitudeGifts &038 A EntertainmentConflicts of InterestCovering in Standard Chartered SharesTalking UpStandard Chartered selects its employees on the footing of accomplishments, cognition and endowm ent. They are perpetrate to supplying comparison of chance to all employees, irrespective of sex, race, nationality, age, disablement, cultural beginning, matrimonial lieu or sexual orientation. They are committed non merely to supplying equality of chance to all employees, but as well as placing what alone strengths each unmarried brings to the functions they carry out and the development of these strengths. They provide their employees withOpportunities to develop in their received functions, move into new functions and work in different locations and concerns. Role vacancies are advertised internally. They recruit the most knowing persons from the external market to supplement their internal grapevine of endowment. They come besides created planetary endowment direction and sequence planning processes to assist develop their high possible employees. Their charitable Resources section provides counsel on the custom of psychometric trials and has robust enlisting standar ds to guarantee that all campaigners are handle reasonably, all(prenominal) bit and with regard.Standard Chartered has a planetary potash alum Recruitment Programme where in the part of 150 alumnuss are recruited each twelvemonth on a direction trainee programme across all concerns, maps and states. When staff start their employment, they are issued with an offer missive which clearly states their footings and conditions of service. completely new staff goes through an knowledgeableness action. Each state has Human Resources policies and processs to assist and steer directors. Examples of these would be disciplinary and grudge processs. These guarantee that staffs are treated reasonably in propagation of difference. The planetary codification of behavior provides counsel to staff on what are acceptable criterions of behavior.EMPLOYEE Employer ISSUES ATEMPLOYEE Employer ISSUES AT STANDARD hire AND ASKARI COMMERCIAL BANKISSUES AT HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTISSUE 1 render eq uality of chance to all employeesSTRATEGY IMPLEMENTED BY STANDARD CHARTEREDStandard Chartered selects employees based on cognition, accomplishments and endowment. They are committed to supply equality of chance to all employees, irrespective of sex, race, nationality, age, disablement, cultural beginning, matrimonial position or sexual orientation. They are committed non merely to supplying equality of chance to all employees, but besides placing what alone strengths each single brings to the functions they carry out and the development of these strengths. They provide their employees with chances to develop in their current functions, move into new functions and work in different locations and concerns. Role vacancies are advertised internally.SuggestionNo Biased PolicyThere is no non-white policy or favoritism among employees. All the employees should be given same chances based on their universal debut and ability. This increases the dot of motive among employees.Delegating U ndertakingsBy delegating different undertakings to different employees, harmonizing to their ability and place, at the terminal of every twelvemonth, which should ensue as a calling, promotion will do the employees more cognizant of their abilities and public presentation. This will take to the equality of chances, as all the employees will come to cognize about their abilities and where they stand.ISSUE 2Motivation degree of employeesSTRATEGY IMPLEMENTED BY STANDARD CHARTEREDStandard Chartered follows a specific motive procedure for their employees. In this procedure, they evaluate the public presentation of each employee at the terminal of twelvemonth and rate the as bully Those employees who have performed highly good, even more than they were required to. They are rewarded through Awards and publicities at the terminal of twelvemonth.Co bookwormThose employees who have performed efficient work and minute more than they were required to. They are rewarded through pecuniary wage ss and benefits.CompetentThose employees who have performed their responsibilities harmonizing to the demands non more or less than it. They are normally motivated to work more difficult through word of oral cavity assessments much(prenominal) as well done , keep it up and etc.SuggestionManagement By Objectives ( MBO ) Employees can besides be motivated through MBO. Management by aims ( MBO ) is a plan that emphasizes participative on puting ends that are touchable, verifiable and mensurable. Four ingredients are common in MBO plans end specificity, participative decision-making, an expressed clip period and public presentation feedback. Execution of these ingredients consequences in employee motive.Behaviour Modification Model or OB MODOB MOD is plans where directors identify public presentation relate employee behaviors and so implement an intercession scheme to beef up enviable public presentation behaviors and weaken un privationed behaviors. The first measure in OB MOD, hen ce, is to place the critical behavior that make a important impact on employee s occupation public presentation. The 2nd measure requires the director to develop close to baseline public presentation informations. The third measure is to execute a functional analysis to place the behavioural eventualities or effects of public presentation. The concluding measure in OB MOD is to measure public presentation betterment.Employee EngagementEmployee engagement is a participative procedure that uses the full capacity of employees and is designed to promote increased committedness to the organisations success. The implicit in logic is that by requireing workers in those determinations that affect so and by increasing their liberty and control over their work lives, employees will go more motivated, more committed to the organisation, more productive and more satisfied with their occupations.Participative ManagementA procedure where subordinates piece a important grade of decision-making power with their immediate higher-ups.Representative ManagementA procedure in which workers participate in organisational determination doing through a little group of representative employees.Quality CirclesA work group of eight to ten employees and supervisors who have shared country of duty. They meet on a unfaltering basis typically one time a hebdomad, on company clip and on company premises to discourse their quality jobs, inquire causes of jobs, urge solutions, and take disciplinary actions.Employee Stock Ownership fancysEmployee stock monomania programs are company-established benefit programs in which employees get stock as portion of their benefits.ISSUE 3Effective communicating procedureSTRATEGY IMPLEMENTED BY STANDARD CHARTEREDAt Standard Chartered when staff start their employment, they are issued with an offer missive which clearly states their footings and conditions of service. All new staff goes through an initiation procedure. Each state has Human Resources p olicies and processs to assist and steer directors. Examples of these would be disciplinary and grudge processs. These guarantee that staffs are treated reasonably in times of difference. The planetary codification of behavior provides counsel to staff on what are acceptable criterions of behavior.SuggestionThe CEO Must be Committed To The Importance Of communionThe most important factor in a successful employee-communications plan is the main executives leading. He or She must be philosophically and behaviourally committed to the impression that pass oning with employees is indispensable to the accomplishment of ends. If the organisations senior executive is committed to communication through his or her words and actions, it trickles down to the remainder of organisation.Directors discipline Actions and WordssClosely related to CEO support is managerial action. As we have noted, action speaks louder than words. When the implicit messages that directors send contradict the offici al messages as conveyed in formal communications, the directors lose credibleness to employees. Employees will listen to what direction has to state sing alterations being made and where the company is traveling. But duplicate actions must endorse these words.ISSUE 4 education and developmentSTRATEGY IMPLEMENTED BY STANDARD CHARTEREDAs a first organisation, Standard Chartered recognizes that it is indispensable to dare the best people equipped with the right accomplishments and cognition to execute their functions to the highest criterions. They want gifted professionals, who seek self-development chances including go oning professional development. In return they offer first-class facility and development. Standard Chartered has a planetary alumna Recruitment Programme where in the part of 150 alumnuss are recruited each twelvemonth on a direction trainee programme across all concerns, maps and states. They focus development on where they believe they will acquire the greatest return, by developing employees strengths. They utilize a full portfolio of larning resource such(prenominal) as in house programmes, external suppliers, on the occupation preparation and computer-based preparation. They sponsor employees for professional makings on a portion clip footing, every bit good as in their ain clip. They have Learning Resource Centres in major locations. Other Centres are being create and will supply employees with the chance to update their accomplishments on assorted encase bundles use the Intranet, the Internet and derive entree to books.SuggestionDeveloping Training PlanIts estimated that more than 90 per centum of all organisations have some type of magisterial preparation plan but those can merely be potent if they offer a theoretical account to catch the trainees attending provide motivational belongingss assist the trainee file off what he or she has versed for subsequently usage provide chances to pattern new behaviors offer imperative wagess for achievements and if the preparation has taken topographic point off the occupation, let the trainee some chance to reassign what he or she has learned to the occupation.

As Long as the Grass Grows or Water Runs Essay

Directions As you read the chapter, think about and answer the following questions.What is the major motive in this chapter? The major theme was Native American survival and the effects of Americans taking their land, raiding their communities, and spreading diseases. What evidence does Zinn cite to illustrate the boilers suit impact of Indian removal? He uses the story Fathers and Children to show the overall impact. The book talked about how the Native Americans were treated horrible. They were kicked out of their home and their country of origin and as the horrors went on the Native population began to decrease majorly. How do Jeffersons views concerning Indian policy differ when he served as Secretary of evoke and as hot seat? Why did his views change? When he was Secretary he believed that the Indians should be left alone, but when he became president he believed the Indians should be forced out because this allowed for vast open lands for the Americans to occupy with ag , market, commerce, and develop a good economy.He also wanted to gain more appraise from the American citizens (majority of population) How does Andrew Jacksons early political/military line of achievement foreshadow his Indian policies as President? Before he was President he had a hatred for the Indians and had battled many of them at war. When he became President he had more power to allow him to try to get release of the Indians permanently. How does Zinns view of the War of 1812 contrast with traditional histories? Zinn believed that war was unnecessary. Zinn intellection that we were trying to expand our land but the histories say that we were just combat the war to get away from England. Why does Zinn juxtapose the Nullification quarrel of 1832 and the enforcement of Worcester v. Georgia?He is trying to show the reader that people hitherto believed the Indians should be left alone and that they were willing to fight for the Indians rights. Some states tried to abolish federal tariffs to help out, but those on Jacksons side outnumbered these people. What is the significance of the phrase As  bulky as break grows or water runs? I believe this is verbalize that the situation between these two different civilizations will always tarry the same, which was on bad terms. So as long as the grass continues to grow and the water still runs, things between them will continue to hold up that way.

William Shakespeare’s Hamlet Essay

The t angiotensin converting enzyme of William Shakespeares village is spate by the theme of madness and deception. The close of settlements mystify and the appearance of his ghost to his discussion sets into motion a series of events that abrogate in leads to the near total destruction of the Danish court. No wiz proves to be safe from the pervasive nature of their knowledge guilt, real or imagine, as the char answerers f all told victim to critical points madness and the kings deception.Revenge and fear, in graphemeicular, play interchange roles in the eventual conclusions of the play, as it provides a vehicle for the designs of madness and deceit, as well as the bloody and darkening shadow that falls upon Denmark itself. unconstipated before he sees his flummoxs ghost among the castle walls, the seeds of scruple and disgust have already gr take in to fruition within hamlets mind. All that is implyed to touch off this dark clinical depression into full- winded ac tion is a spark. This spark comes in the direct of the deceased king, who gives voice to his countersigns suspicions.Its interesting, given the full blown form that critical points madness later takes, to consider that the dialogue between father and ghost whitethorn have been a delusion. though its hard to write off the apparition itself as false, since it is the guards who foremost see the ghost walking silently, the conversation between father and son is private and serves to provide justification for settlements later actions. In this way, its possible that this conversation was simply the beginning point for settlements ontogenesis insanity. From this early act, the other events fall in libertine succession as though predicted.Death becomes a central approximately fated result of the lethal mixture of junctures growing insanity and the guilt of the king There is a fine communication channel between Hamlets realities and his delusions, as shown in the truth of his uncles deceit. Its important that the tragedy of Hamlet begins and ends with dying, providing a full-circle to the Kings murder of his brother and Hamlets own revenue and death. This is imput fit in start out to the larger signifi dismissce of death both as an ending and a beginning. The tragedy of Hamlet itself begins and ends with death while the departed themselves provide witnesses.Its important to none that even as the death should be released by the chain of events, they are not allowed to truly rest. From Hamlets father the king, to Ophelias drowned memory, they are allowed little reprieve. Instead their deaths act as cataclysms for more tragedy and death. It is Ophelia and Poloniuss deaths that cause Laertes to meet his death at the end of Hamlets poison-tipped blade. Connected to the mood of revenge, the wild are fuel to the fire and darkness that seep into the minds and actions of all involved. given(p) the heavy presence of death, it is no wonder that the images of darkness and the adjective coloured is repeated finishedout the book. It seems to be almost an eternal night in Hamlets Denmark. There is no comfort. There is no hope, sole(prenominal) sadness and death. Revenge, madness, and vainglory are connected in Hamlet through their common dark designs and darker endings. The need for revenge, which is bred from Hamlets encounter with his fathers ghost and eventually drives his madness, is not justice. This revenge is part duty, part self-preservation.Hamlet is lost in his new role in his family, with his conveys trades union to his uncle and the usurpation of the crown from Hamlets own head. In taking action against his uncle, Hamlet is defending the honor of his family and attempting to cultivate his own self which has been lost (I. iv. ll. 21). With the new developments, Denmark itself has become a prison house (II. ii. ll. 241), and he is a prisoner to the awareness of his position and the growing need to exact revenge. It is impor tant to make the distinction between the two, revenge and justice.Hamlet is seeking to right the wrong of his fathers death, at first through revelation but then when this fails through military force. There is not the sense that Hamlet expects to escape his own death in the offset of exacting revenge but at the same time in that location is the maddened sense of invincibility about him. He hopes to regain part of himself in destroying his uncle, however, he is already lost to his own fear and insanity. The thought of blood is important throughout the play, both in literal form in showing the brutality of Hamlets actions, and as articulation of family.The physical presnece of blood is seen throughout the play in the deaths of even those who do end in bloodshed, like Ophelia. The final scene in tour V is the bloodiest, with the deaths of Laertes and Hamlet, the wounding of the King, and the poisoning of the big businessman. That final scene is also a good example of the power of blood, in the family sense, as Hamlet finally gains resolution in the deception of his uncle and his mothers wedding and Laertes himself is satisfactory to avenge his sister and father.However, the concept of family goes much farther back in the play, to the very beginning with the first appearance of the dead king, still conjugated to his son and the tragedy of his blood, who himself is heard by Hamlet to call for revenge. For Hamlet, the concept of blood is perhaps the most sensitive and the core root to his own madness. A chief source of hurt pride for Hamlet is the marriage of his widowed mother to his uncle. In Hamlets eyes, not hardly has the new king usurped the role of his dead (murdered) brother but he has also taken over his brothers position in the tycoons bed.This is not a difficult idea to encounter Hamlet obviously feels a strong loyalty to his father and to the idea of his own succession. However, Hamlets constant condemnation of the King and Queens marriage being incestuous shows more about Hamlet than his mother, who is constantly condemned by her son for the marriage. The king is Hamlets agnate uncle and in that locationfore, unrelated to the Queen except through the marriage of his deceased brother, Hamlets uncle. Therefore in that respect is no real incest going on between the newly married couple but rather a joining of past and present.Instead Hamlet is showing an intolerance to change, that when disassociate of his uncles treachery, is not quite as damning. However, true to the form of the play, the marriage has been built upon the dark deeds of the King. Their marriage is a deceptive continuity, the Queen herself innocent to the dark deeds of the King. She is not wholly innocent, as she ignorantly believes in the innocence of the new King. While she obviously loves her son, in sense and fearing Hamlets growing restlessness and insanity, she does in a modality turn away from him.Seeing only death in her sons countenance, i t is understandable that she would ally herself with the calm presence of the new king. However, there is something of a resolution between mother and son. When the queen drinks the poison, the King has alert for Hamlet, she joins the ranks of the innocent dead. Like Ophelia, the Queen becomes a kind of martyr to the covert motives of royal ascendency and the revenge of her only son. Though the King may have had larger ideas of their marriage, the Queens tragedy seems to be a belief in hope.In remarrying she is hoping to continue her life and in Hamlet she sees hope for her love and affection, even as he rejects her. Without the morality of justice, Hamlets revenge fails to provide any resolution. While death is sure an end and a recurrent theme throughout the play, the persistence and skew senses of madness prevent the carnage of the Danish court from representing an absolute ending. Instead, there simply seems to be no one else to truly die, no one else to suffer within this na rrative of tragedy.Hamlets madness had acted in a way to bring about the complete destruction of all hed ever held dear, it spent not only the disperse of its master but everything which it touched. The court of Denmark is withered but no longer a prison to Hamlet as he can depart in death as he was never able to in life. Though Hamlet fetchs his revenge and his end, he does not find true peace. Fueled by his own depression and anxiety, the injured pride of a fallen son, Hamlet instead creates a cycle of violence and fear which in the end even he falls devour to.

Maruti 800 Car

there are many railway railway cars on the mart that are exciting with respect to power(Accord), interior design(Octavia, Benz), oer any execution( again Accord) &038 the vitality in the segment they play in (New City) picpicpicpic precisely no other car is as shut to what ALTO is in the entree train segment. Santro &038 Indica do have a strong hold on the upper direct where contralto plays ( low-pitched 1. 1) exclusively with respect to the range that Alto has from mid 2 to low 4 lac it is the besides choice. August 05 Alto is being launched with burst styling (clear head-tail lamps), changed nose and a few more vibrant color in to pee-pee matters interesting.The seat fabric have received an upgrade. Although Swift continues to take limelight, jeopardize Alto is serving Maruti and entry level buyers just fine. I wish hale they again launch it with the 1. 1 liter engine. Given that Alto has womb-to-tomb wheelbase and (more) modern chassis than Zen it would kill Zens g ross revenue if launched with 1. 1 liter engine. June 04 For the first epoch ever a present (Alto) placescored 800 on the sales chart. This is due to Maruti positioning Alto as entry level car &038 in order to phase out 800 &038 in any case they slashed entry level price by 25,000 (without AC) at 2,34,000. late I had a test ride of a used Alto 1. without power steering. The car was in a unsloped condition. I authentically wishd the power of 1. 1 engine. With 4 passengers it was pulling very well. The transmitting was typical Maruti/Suzuki, a little rough but spot-on. As I am used to Palios butter smooth gears I set up the gears in Alto a little crude but unblemished &038 easy to locate specially from 2nd to 3rd, it is easy to find it. Although I have heard a few complaints from some owners about abrasion noises from transmission. So better watch-out for that. The AC was good enough but left-hand(a) me for wanting as it was VERY baking hot. Also with AC on the speedup s uffered a bit.Cant blame as I had 4 full grown adults with me Overall I was very satisfied but when finally we sat for negotiations the Doctor was asking a little in like manner lots than I thought a used Alto should cost. This guide to me test drive of the new Alto (800), at 2,60 it was very close to the used 1. 1 The test drive without AC was very good but with AC full blown the acceleration did suffer signifi mickletly. So I tried shutting off AC when I was amphetamine &038 then started it when cruising, it worked just fine. I thought I can come with this power by effectively shutting off AC when I needed to Pass &038 on inclines (valleys etc).The interior was a bit absent compared to Palio &038 also Santro but at this price flush it did meet my expectations. It is only a matter of getting used to. I didnt like the shifter coming out of teh floor as opposed to much better treatment in Palio/Santro. Here in Alto it see to come out of the floor But not a point that would a ffect my decision. The interior room is satisfactory if not significant. 4 Adults can fit in for trips of say 3/4 hrs with some halts. The seating room themselves are good &038 I found a very cheery seating position except some room for my legs as I am 6 1 with the legs of same length as of my 6 3 friend ) The elicit economy I was told as phenomenal with at least 14 in city &038 17-18 on the postgraduateways That was ofttimes better than 10/14 of my Palio. As this car is for my father I thought he would get a little better than what I can extract Driving style you know I was a bit concerned about the tire size &038 thought for a longer trips bigger tires would be preferable but it would affect the force out economy I guess. You cant have all The styling is fusty but tasteful for the common man who hark backs that car is an extension of their personality. The trend seekers should shop elsewhere.Both front &038 rear styling is interesting enough but at the same time toned do wn to take out the last drop of boldness.. The car looks much better with body dark-skinned bumpers than the ugly b leave out ones They look like an accessory externally given than the integral part of the car Only black car looks ok with those bumpers. Anyways, who buys a black color car in a counry of hot summer (There are quite a few mind you ) I am almost set on Alto 800. I compared it with all the competition &038 it bits the competition when you factor in the price &038 daily tag costs (fuel/maintenance) &038 have decided to go for Alto 800 Lxi.I think it is worth to pay for the extra features for some price. At the same time I didnt think it was a good idea to slip by more than 4 lac for 1. 1 as I thought the level of interior materials &038 overall comfort would be more justified in Santro/Indica/Palio for a little more cash. Fuel economy is again where Alto 1. 1 would do better than most though. The color availability is again ok for this price range. I would love to see more colors coming out soon to keep interest in the product. I would recommend Alto to anyone planning to buy a entry level car.It is a must to have a loot at this car before buying any other car you like. This is the perfect as far as the segment it plays in goes. MARUTI UDYOG LIMITED Managing competition madely Maruti Udyog Limited (MUL) was established in Feb 1981 through an Act of Parliament, to meet the maturation demand of a personal mode of transport caused by the lack of an efficient unrestricted transport system. It was established with the objectives of modernizing the Indian automobile industry, producing fuel efficient vehicles to conserve scarce resources and producing indigenous utility cars for the growing unavoidably of the Indian population.A license and a Joint Venture symmetry were signed with the Suzuki Motor Company of Japan in Oct 1983, by which Suzuki acquired 26% of the integrity and agreed to provide the latest technology as well as Japanese mana gement practices. Suzuki was preferred for the joint venture because of its track record in manufacturing and selling small cars all over the world. There was an option in the agreement to raise Suzukis equity to 40%, which it exercised in 1987. Five years later, in 1992, Suzuki further increased its equity to 50% turning Maruti into a non-government ganization managed on the lines of Japanese management practices.Maruti created register by going into production in a record 13 months. Maruti is the highest volume car manufacturer in Asia, outside Japan and Korea, having produced over 5 million vehicles by May 2005. Maruti is one of the most successful automobile joint ventures, and has made profits every year since institution till 2000-01. In 2000-01, although Maruti generated operating profits on an income of Rs 92. 5 billion, high depreciation on new model launches resulted in a have loss. COMPANY HISTORY AND BACKGROUND The EvolutionMarutis history of development can be exami ned in four phases 2 phases during pre-liberalization period (1983-86, 1986-1992) and two phases during post-liberalization period (1992-97, 1997-2002), followed by the full privatization of Maruti in June 2003 with the launch of an initial public offering (IPO). The first phase Hindustan Construction Co. Ltd. Hincon House, LBS Marg, Vikhroli (W) Mumbai 400083 email email&160protected com Tel +91 22 25775959 Fax +91 22 25775732 Hindustan Construction Co. Ltd. 706-707, 7th understructure Surya Kiran, 19, KG Marg New Delhi 110001 Tel +91 11 23358717, 23358727 Fax +91 11 23358837

Certified Public Accountant

They should analyze the affinity of academic performance of BAS disciples in their true accounting profession. there is a strong positive relationship between these two vari fitting-bodieds. Since there is a positive correlation, it reveals that there should be written policies that state the benchmark of required grades for accounting subjects in methodicalness to maintain a possible high position of caputers. Standardized submit of Specification (TOSS) is excessively recommended in order to give weight on a more(prenominal) important topic of the program.The school is given the let to require standard admission requirements to the program as reflected in its manual(a) of regulations for students (SHED, 2007). In the united States and some other countries in the west, to become a Certified public control (CPA) in a specific state, you essential not only break off a bachelors point in time. You must in like manner bribe some requirements that pull up stakes qualify you as an applicant. In order to be qualified, there is an aptitude test that you should pass. The state test go away respect not only the cognitive but excessively the affective grimace of the person winning it.In the Philippines, being a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) is as hard to get as in other countries. For example, in the Far Eastern university (FIJI), Students wishing to pursue a degree in account leading to the CPA interrogatory shall be enrolled initially in BASS-Major in Internal Auditing. After completing the range requirements for the first quadruplet course of studys of subject, the student shall be granted the degree of live of intuition in Business Administration-Major in Internal Auditing.Qualified students will be in line to proceed to a fifth year of study, after(prenominal) which they will be granted the degree of Bachelor of Science in accountancy which will qualify them for the CPA trial. At the end of the five-year program, the successful s tudent shall maintain earned two separate degrees (BASS-IA and BAS). To simplify the situation, you catch to study and stop a related course first before pursuing the degree in account. There is a different scenario in other universities. There is a memory board program that mandates every student to have an trial conducted yearly and pass it in order to continue studying Accountancy.If they failed to do so, they are required to shift to another business related courses. To recognize a few, University of the Philippines (UP), De La Sale University (DULLS), and Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP) are some of the universities that define this program. In this instance, they should study accountancy first and if they fail, they will have no option but to pursue another business related course to continue their studies. This means a different pathway to a sooner different career. In Our Lady of Fatima University (LOFT), the same retention program applies.Freshmen stu dents, after their second semester, will take a do exam and pass it for them to continue studying as a sophomore accounting student in the next school year. Sophomore students, during summer vacation, will also take a limiting exam in order to be a junior accounting student of the university. If the students failed to pass the exam, they have no choice but to shift to another program related to BAS which they worry or continue the study in accounting with the degree Of Bachelor of Science in Accounting Technology (BASS), a non-board program.The study aims to shaft the goal of the retention program fulfilled in ELF for their BAS students and if it is a unavoidable venture for them to take it. Statement of the Problem As accountancy students themselves, the researchers ask to study and investigate the advantages and disadvantages of taking the overtaking exam of students taking up Accountancy. The researchers also want to find out the look ating that the students will wear f rom taking the qualifying exam and if these second them to enhance their noesis and skills in accountancy.The study also wants to express the feelings of both parties (the students and the university) on why the university should implement this kind of retention program and observe the effects of the implementation of the retention program in producing professionals of the country. The questions can be summarized as follows 1 . What is the vent rate of accountancy students in qualifying exam in accountancy? 2. What are the struggles/difficulties met by test takers? 3. What are the benefits of the qualifying exam for accountancy students? 4. What will be the effect of this to the public? 5.How will the finding whitethorn be utilized? Sass motion/Hypothesis 1 . The transeunt rate of accountancy student in the qualifying exam in accountancy should be more than 50% 2. The students will face more challenges, pressure and stress before taking the test much(prenominal) as long time of reviewing, deprivation of their sleep, and the expectation of their parents to them. Time pressure is also one of the obstacles that should have to be overcome by the examinees during the examination. 3. The lessons that they will learn in the qualifying exam is of great help to them when they already finish the degree in accountancy.The exam will hone their potentials that they already have and use it to the career that they have chosen, and that is to be a professional accountant. 4. The qualifying exam will produce better accountant and will help in the progress of the country because they have professionals who have excellent backdrop and expertise on the field they have chosen. 5. The findings can be a source of information in finding the season of the implementation of the said retention program. Significance of the study Accounting Department. This study would be able to give assistance to everyone in the Accounting Industry.It will be a great source of information regardin g the continuous improvement of programs for the higher rate of qualified accountants. Sophomore Students of College of Business and Accountancy. The researcher will be able to assist the students who will take the qualifying exam about the neat preparations, the dos and dont, and other tips that will be their advantage in taking the exams. Teachers and Professors of the Program. companionship of this study will guide professors and other instructors in the improvement of the computer program for the betterment of their teaching strategies that will benefit both the students and themselves as well.Future Researchers. The study would be able to give aid, support, guidance and advice to the future researchers who will also study similar issues. Some of its part could have a likeness in their study so it would be a great facilitate for them to know the facts regarding the problems alike. Scope and Delimitation This study was conducted to determine the advantages and disadvantages of taking the qualifying exam in Accountancy. The retention program implemented by the university has been sure as a basis of the learning of the students and if they are capable of taking Accountancy.This study will discover the knowledge the students will acquire in taking the qualifying exam and how it will help them improve their knowledge and skills in Accountancy. This study would be most relevant to the third year students of Our Lady of Fatima University (LOFT-Antipodal Campus) taking up the degree program of Accountancy. However, this study will not cover other branches of Our Lady of Fatima University due to time and financial constraints. It was not possible to cover a argue number of respondents because acquire them required more resources, considerable time and other logistics.Materials and Methods The Researchers aim to deal the advantages and disadvantages Of students taking the qualifying examination in Accountancy which todays concerned of accountancy students w ho wants to graduate as accountants however they required to pass the qualifying examination first. The information related to the topic is gathered in different references such as books, research papers, online sources and study questionnaire. The Researcher chose selected third year Accountancy students of Our Lady f Fatima University as their respondents.The particular student will issue the provided survey forms that indicated information on what are their views (advantages and disadvantages) on taking the qualifying examination. The data will be analyzed through the use of a table that serves as the summary of the response or the answer of the respondents who took the survey question. In addition, the Researcher will also ask some competency of College of Business and Accountancy about their opinions in the advantages and disadvantages of taking the qualifying examination for the students. Definition of terms Accountancy.

An Analysis of Developing American Literature Essay

An Analysis of Developing American Literature draw out Van Winkle by Washington Irving and The flagellation of the Pigeons by James Fennimore Cooper demonstrate several distinct American characteristics. Irving focuses on wise Yorks Hudson River while discussing the settings of Rip Van Winkle. New York is probably the most identifiable state in the U. S. and is recognized by its Statue of Liberty welcoming foreigners into its prideful country. While Irving discusses dispositions saucer in similar ways in the U. S. by giving a page description on a simple frozen lake in Somerville.In Rip Van Winkle and The fiasco of the Pigeons the three important American characteristics in these short stories be power of nature, value of the car park man, and increment nationalism. Nature can be a powerful concept. In Rip Van Winkle there is a lovely description of the Hudson River which opens the story. Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must remember the Kaatskill mountains. They ar dismembered branch of the great Appalachian family, and are seen away(predicate) to the west of the river excrescence up to a noble height and lording it over the surrounding country.In The Slaughter of the Pigeons there is a similar description. Large flocks of wild geese were seen sledding over the country, which hovered, for a time, around the hidden sheet of water, apparently hard-hitting for a resting-place and then, on finding themselves excluded by the chill covering, would soar away to the north, filling the air with discordant screams, as if venting their complaints a the tardy operations of Nature. Nature is very important to Washington Irving and James Cooper.along with nature, also present is the value of the common man. Values had certainly changed when Rip awoke from his century nap. In a state of confusion, he yells, Alas gentlemen, cried Rip, middling dismayed, I am a poor quiet man, a ingrained of the place, and a loyal subject of the King- God bless him People around Rip thought what he was acting treasonous. Values of America had changed and direct included the concept of voting.Along with American values, came values of nature correspond in The Slaughter f the Pigeons. Its better for you, maybe, Billy Kirby, replied the umbrageous old hunter, and all them that breakt know how to put a ball down a rifle-barrel, or how to bring it up again with a true aim entirely its wicked to be shooting into flocks in this wasty manner We must not waste what we are given in this world, and we must embrace change as well. As long as that change is bettering us as American citizens as shown in Rip Van Winkle.There is also a sense of growing nationalism embodied in both stories. In Irvings short story there is a sign hung in honor of General Washington representing the good that hes make for the country. The red coat was changed for bingle of blue and buff a trade name was held in the hand instead of a scepter the head was embellish with a cocked hat, and underneath was printed in large characters. Nationalism by commentary is having pride in ones country.Whether pride be in local government or in nature itself, in The Slaughter of the Pigeons, Leather-Stocking believes that all life is valuable in this country. Put an end, Judge, to your clearings. Aint the woods His work as well as the pigeons? Use, but dont waste. Wasnt the woods made for the beasts and birds to harbor in? In Rip Van Winkle and The Slaughter of the Pigeons the three main American characteristics in these short stories are power of nature, value of the common man, and growing nationalism.They are each represented in distinct ways but clearly show the importance of America and its impact on the Hesperian Civilization that we know today. Whether stressing the importance of government change for the better in Rip Van Winkle or holding true to nature in The Slaughter of the Pigeons we all hold a part in the shaping American society. The real task is holding the past with one hand while reaching for the future with the other and never let one side pull too hard.